Greenhouse Gas its Effects and Greenhouse Gases emissions

Greenhouse Gas: Hello Everyone! I am here to discuss about the Greenhouse gases in this topic. We know the Greenhouse effect is the major problem in the world now days.

What are Greenhouse Gases?

Greenhouse Gas can be defined as any gas that has the property of absorbing infrared radiation (net thermal energy) emitted from the Earth’s surface and re-radiated to the Earth’s surface, emitted by the greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide, methane and water mist are the main greenhouse gases. To a lesser extent, surface ozone, nitrogen oxides and fluorescent gases also trap infrared radiation.

Greenhouse gases have a significant impact on the Earth’s energy balance, even if they are only a fraction of the gases. Concentrations of greenhouse gases have changed dramatically over the course of Earth’s history, and these variations have led to major climate change over a wide range of time periods. In general, greenhouse gas densities were particularly high in warm periods and low in cold periods.

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Greenhouse Gases Emissions

Carbon dioxide Emissions

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the main greenhouse gas emitted by human activities. By 2020, CO2 will be responsible for 79% of human greenhouse gases in the United States. Carbon dioxide occurs naturally in the atmospheric carbon cycle (the natural circulation of carbon between the atmosphere, oceans, soil, plants and animals). Human activity is changing the carbon cycle by adding more CO2 to other environments and by affecting the ability of natural emissions, forests and soils to remove and store CO2 from the atmosphere.

Although carbon dioxide emissions come from various natural sources, human emissions have been responsible for improving the environment since the industrial revolution. The main activity, excluding CO2, is the combustion of energy and fossil fuels (coal, natural gas and oil). Some industrial processes and land use change do not even take CO2 into account. Following is a description of the major sources of carbon dioxide emissions in the United States.

Transportation

Fossil fuels combined, such as gasoline and diesel will be the largest source of CO2 for human and commercial transportation by 2020, accounting for about 33% of total US CO2 emissions. and 26% of their total greenhouse gas emissions. This group includes land transportation such as highways and trains, air travel, boat trips and trains.

Electricity

Electricity is the main source of energy in the United States and is used by residential, commercial and industrial energy. By 2020, fossil fuels will be the second largest source of CO2 emissions from electricity generation in the country, accounting for about 31% of total CO2 emissions in the US. and 24% of their total greenhouse gas emissions. These types of fossil fuels emit different types of CO2. Coal-fired power stations produce more CO2 than gas or oil to generate electricity.

Industry

Many industrial systems transfer CO2 from fossil fuels. Several processes also emit CO2 in chemical reactions, including the production of mineral products (eg cement), the production of metals (eg iron and steel) and the production of chemicals. Fossil fuels in industrial production account for about 16% of all CO2 emissions in the United States and 13% of its greenhouse gas emissions in the United States. by 2020. Most industrial systems also use electricity and therefore do not directly emit CO2 during electricity generation.

Methane Emissions

By 2020, methane (CH4) will account for approximately 11% of anthropogenic tear gas emissions in the US. Human activities related to methane extraction include natural gas systems and animal husbandry. Methane also produces natural resources, such as organic farming.

In addition, natural processes in the soil and chemical reactions in the atmosphere help to release CH4 from the environment. The average lifetime in the atmosphere is shorter than that of carbon dioxide (CO2), while CH4 absorbs radiation more efficiently than CO2. From kilogram to kilogram, the effects of CH4 are comparable to 25 times those of CO2 over 100 years.

Worldwide, 50-65% of total CH4 emissions come from human activities. 2.3 Methane is not covered by energy, industry, agriculture, land use or waste management, as described below.

Agriculture

Domestic animals such as cattle, pigs, sheep and goats produce CH4 as part of their normal digestion process. CH4 is also generated during the storage or transshipment of animal manure in ponds or storage units. Since humans breed these animals for food and other products, the emissions are considered human. The agricultural sector is the main source of CH4 emissions in the United States. Although not shown and less significant, CH4 emissions are also derived from crop and land management activities, land use change and forestry (eg forests and grasslands, decomposition of organic matter in coastal areas).

 Industry

Gas and oil systems are the second largest source of CH4 emissions in the United States. Natural gas has main component like Methane gas. Methane is released into the atmosphere during the extraction, processing, storage, transshipment and distribution of natural gas and during the extraction, refining, transport and storage of oil. Mining is the cause CH4 emission

Waste:  

Household and commercial waste. Methane is produced in landfills from waste rot and wastewater treatment.  In the United States Landfills are also source of the CH4 emission. Methane is also produced in domestic and industrial wastewater cleaning, composting and anaerobic digestion.

UNEP’s Role in Reducing GHGs

UNEP has presented an industry-wide strategy to reduce CO2 emissions by 29-32 gig tons by 2030 to reach a warming ceiling of 1.5°C. Of the six identified sectors, these are: energy indices; agriculture and food production; forests and land management; Transport; and houses and cities.

UNEP also operates the Online Climate Note, a tool that displays both climate change and 1990 data.

The UNEP collects and highlights best environmental practices through various environmental agreements and reports. UNEP will continue to work closely with its 193 member states and other partners to establish environmental and conservation programs to reduce tear gas.